Atopic dermatitis
Overview
Predisposition to diffuse neurodermatitis and other atopic diseases (bronchial asthma, pollinosis, allergic rhinitis) genetically transmitted. Therefore, usually the person who put such a diagnosis, be sure to find a relative with one of these diseases. In most patients, the disease starts before the age of 12 years. In adulthood, atopic dermatitis manifests very rare.
Without treatment, the disease is years, with periodic remissions and exacerbations, and causes a lot of anxiety to the patient.
Causes of disease
The cause of allergic reactions in the skin in atopic dermatitis is hyperreactivity organism in response to interaction with various substances. These materials are for the body of the patient allergens. As an allergen can be a plant pollen, house dust, animal dander, and various food products, household chemicals, and others. There are air, food contact and the way of penetration of the allergen into the body.
Symptoms of atopic dermatitis
For atopic dermatitaharakterno relapsing course with periods of exacerbations which occur with repeated interaction of the allergen (e.g., at the use of certain products in food or on contact with the animals). also the season of the year is influenced by the frequency of exacerbations (worsening often occur in autumn and winter), emotional stress and other factors.
The main symptom is dry and itchy skin. Exacerbations are accompanied by widespread swelling and redness of the skin, the appearance of red spots with fuzzy borders plaques. As a result of scratching the skin appear erosion, accompanied by weeping. In the case of entering into the skin infection in places lesions appear pustules. Favourite localization of atopic dermatitis are the flexor surfaces of the joints, front and side of the neck, forehead, temples, wrists, the back surface of the hands and feet.
Diagnosis of atopic dermatitis
The diagnosis of atopic dermatitis puts allergist based on the clinical picture and the questioning of the patient. In some cases, the patient is prescribed level analysis on immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the blood serum. Elevated levels of immunoglobulin indicates the propensity of the organism to allergic reactions.
To identify the specific allergen causing exacerbation conducted allergic skin tests. During the study the patient's skin in various area of ??the forearm is applied in small doses of allergens. When a positive response at the site of introduction of allergen develops redness or blister.
What you can do
Human skin with atopic dermatitis, "always ready" to respond to the next contact allergic reactions. To prevent exacerbation of contact should be avoided to known allergens. Therefore, in the treatment of atopic dermatitis occupies an important place designated diet compliance and maintaining cleanliness of the house. In addition, it should be remembered that the constant scratching of the skin only increases the allergic reaction and promotes adherence infection.
Prevent dry skin: Take a bath, use soap and water as sparingly as possible, regularly lubricate the skin moisturizing lotion. Avoid wearing synthetic and woolen clothes on the naked body (these materials increase itching). You better suit loose cotton clothes and underwear.
What will the doctor
The basis of the treatment of atopic dermatitasostavlyayut antiallergic agents. Depending on the severity of these may be an ointment for external application containing antihistamines or steroids and oral antihistamines.
In recent years, allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) is applied for the treatment of atopic dermatitatakzhe. This method of treatment comprises administering to the patient increasing doses of the extract of the allergen to which the patient revealed hypersensitivity. As a result of this treatment is a gradual increase in the body's resistance to the effects of the allergen.
Predisposition to diffuse neurodermatitis and other atopic diseases (bronchial asthma, pollinosis, allergic rhinitis) genetically transmitted. Therefore, usually the person who put such a diagnosis, be sure to find a relative with one of these diseases. In most patients, the disease starts before the age of 12 years. In adulthood, atopic dermatitis manifests very rare.
Without treatment, the disease is years, with periodic remissions and exacerbations, and causes a lot of anxiety to the patient.
Causes of disease
The cause of allergic reactions in the skin in atopic dermatitis is hyperreactivity organism in response to interaction with various substances. These materials are for the body of the patient allergens. As an allergen can be a plant pollen, house dust, animal dander, and various food products, household chemicals, and others. There are air, food contact and the way of penetration of the allergen into the body.
Symptoms of atopic dermatitis
For atopic dermatitaharakterno relapsing course with periods of exacerbations which occur with repeated interaction of the allergen (e.g., at the use of certain products in food or on contact with the animals). also the season of the year is influenced by the frequency of exacerbations (worsening often occur in autumn and winter), emotional stress and other factors.
The main symptom is dry and itchy skin. Exacerbations are accompanied by widespread swelling and redness of the skin, the appearance of red spots with fuzzy borders plaques. As a result of scratching the skin appear erosion, accompanied by weeping. In the case of entering into the skin infection in places lesions appear pustules. Favourite localization of atopic dermatitis are the flexor surfaces of the joints, front and side of the neck, forehead, temples, wrists, the back surface of the hands and feet.
Diagnosis of atopic dermatitis
The diagnosis of atopic dermatitis puts allergist based on the clinical picture and the questioning of the patient. In some cases, the patient is prescribed level analysis on immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the blood serum. Elevated levels of immunoglobulin indicates the propensity of the organism to allergic reactions.
To identify the specific allergen causing exacerbation conducted allergic skin tests. During the study the patient's skin in various area of ??the forearm is applied in small doses of allergens. When a positive response at the site of introduction of allergen develops redness or blister.
What you can do
Human skin with atopic dermatitis, "always ready" to respond to the next contact allergic reactions. To prevent exacerbation of contact should be avoided to known allergens. Therefore, in the treatment of atopic dermatitis occupies an important place designated diet compliance and maintaining cleanliness of the house. In addition, it should be remembered that the constant scratching of the skin only increases the allergic reaction and promotes adherence infection.
Prevent dry skin: Take a bath, use soap and water as sparingly as possible, regularly lubricate the skin moisturizing lotion. Avoid wearing synthetic and woolen clothes on the naked body (these materials increase itching). You better suit loose cotton clothes and underwear.
What will the doctor
The basis of the treatment of atopic dermatitasostavlyayut antiallergic agents. Depending on the severity of these may be an ointment for external application containing antihistamines or steroids and oral antihistamines.
In recent years, allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) is applied for the treatment of atopic dermatitatakzhe. This method of treatment comprises administering to the patient increasing doses of the extract of the allergen to which the patient revealed hypersensitivity. As a result of this treatment is a gradual increase in the body's resistance to the effects of the allergen.