80% of cases of cystitis are caused by Escherichia coli, which is a component of the normal intestinal microflora. Coli enters the urinary tract, it is attached to the surface and cause inflammation. The researchers found that E. coli is fixed in the urinary tract by means of a protein called FimH, which protects it from washing out during urination. This is possible thanks to the fact that protein has FimH tiny "hooks". Experts hope that this discovery will pave the way for the development of new treatments for debilitating urinary tract infections.

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Scientists note that urinary tract infections are the second most common reason for prescribing antibiotics. But, given the prevalence of antibiotic resistance, doctors are increasingly choosing alternative forms of treatment. Experts have concluded that the drugs that could prevent the fixation of bacteria in the urinary tract, would make unnecessary use of antibiotics and become an effective alternative to their use.